Typical antipsychotic primarily used to treat schizophrenia.
Phenothiazine; Neuroleptic
Trifluoperazine is one of the phenothiazine class of compounds and as such has many pharmacodynamic effects which relate to its therapeutic actions and side effects. The most notable action of phenothiazines is antagonism at dopamine receptors in the CNS. It is hypothesised that this action in the limbic system and associated areas of cerebral cortex is the basis of the antipsychotic action of phenothiazines, whilst in the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone it appears to be responsible for the antiemetic effect of these agents.
ORAL Nausea & vomiting: Adult: 1-2 mg bid. Max 6 mg daily. ChIld: 3-5 yrs: max 1 mg daily in divided doses; 6-12 yrs: max 4 mg daily. Elderly: Initiate at lower dose & increase gradually.
Trifluoperazine may diminish the effect of oral anticoagulants. Concomitant administration of propranolol with trifluoperazine results in increased plasma levels of both drugs. Antihypertensive effects of guanethidine and related compounds may be counteracted when phenothiazines are used concurrently. Potentiation may occur if antipsychotic drugs are combined with CNS depressants such as alcohol. hypnotics and anticonvulsant.
Preexisting CNS depression & coma; bone marrow depression, blood dyscrasias, liver disease, hypersensitivity to phenothiazines, prolactin dependent tumours. Pregnancy (1st trimester), lactation. Cardiovascular disease, epilepsy, angleclosure glaucoma, exposure to extreme temperatures, elderly, parkinson’s disease, myasthenia gravis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, DM, renal amd hepatic impairment. Discontinue trifluoperazine at least 48 hr before myelography & do not resume for at least 24 hr after procedure. Do not use trifluoperazine in control of nausea & vomiting occurring either prior to myelography or postprocedure w/ metrizamide. Pregnancy.
Drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, dizziness, sedation, antimuscarinic affects, postural hypotension, akathisia, muscle weakness, anorexia, insomnia, rash, amenorrhoea, fatigue, increased prolactin levels, extrapyramidal side effects. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, blood dyscrasias.
This drug should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit clearly outweighs the risk to the fetus. Use is not recommended and a decision should be made to discontinue breastfeeding or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Signs and symptoms will be predominantly extrapyramidal; hypotension may occur. Treatment consists of gastric lavage together with supportive and symptomatic measures. Do not induce vomiting. Extra pyramidal symptoms may be treated with an anticholinergic, antiparkinsonism drug. Treat hypotension with fluid replacement; if severe or persistent. nor adrenaline may be considered. Adrenaline is contraindicated.
It should be store at room temperature between 15-30° C away from light and moisture.
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