Tinidazole is an antibiotic that is used to treat certain types of vaginal infections (bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis). It is also used to treat certain types of parasite infections (giardiasis, amebiasis). It works by stopping the growth of certain bacteria and parasites.
I midazole derivative; Antiamoebic
Tinidazole, a 5-nitroimidazole derivative with antimicrobial actions similar to metronidazole, is active against both protozoa (e.g. Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia) and obligate anaerobic bacteria. It damages DNA strands or inhibits DNA synthesis in microorganism.
Adult : PO Bacterial vaginosis; Giardiasis; Trichomoniasis; Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis 2 g as single dose. Anaerobic bacterial infections 2 g on 1st day, then 1 g/day or 500 mg bid, for 5-6 days. Prophylaxis of post-op anaerobic bacterial infections 2 g, 12 hr before surgery. Eradication of H. pylori associated w/ peptic ulcer disease 500 mg bid, w/ clarithromycin and omeprazole for 7 days. Intestinal amoebiasis 2 g/day for 2-3 days. Hepatic amoebiasis 1.5-2 g/day for 3-6 days.
The following interactions were reported with metronidazole, which is chemically-related to tinidazole.
Alcohol, disulfiram: Avoid during tinidazole use and for 3 days afterward because cramps, nausea, vomiting, headaches, and flushing may occur.
Anticoagulants, oral (eg, warfarin): Anticoagulant effects may be increased. Anticoagulant dose may need to be adjusted during coadministration and for up to 8 days after discontinuation. Cholestyramine: Bioavailability of tinidazole may be decreased.
Cyclosporine, lithium, tacrolimus: Levels may be elevated by tinidazole, increasing the risk of toxicity.
Drugs that induce CYP3A4 (eg, fosphenytoin, phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin): May increase metabolism of tinidazole, decreasing plasma levels and therapeutic effect.
Drugs that inhibit CYP3A4 (eg, cimetidine, ketoconazole): May prolong t½ and decrease tinidazole Cl, increasing plasma levels and risk of adverse reactions.
Fluorouracil: Cl may be decreased by tinidazole, increasing the risk of adverse reactions
Fosphenytoin, phenytoin: The t½ may be prolonged and Cl reduced by tinidazole, increasing the risk of adverse reactions.
Oxytetracycline: Therapeutic effect of tinidazole may be decreased.
Should be taken with food. Take during or immediately after meals. 1st trimester of pregnancy and lactation.
Transient leucopenia, ataxia, convulsions, dizziness, headache, hypesthesia, paraesthesia, peripheral neuropathy, sensory disturbances, vertigo, metallic taste, flushing, abdominal pain, anorexia, diarrhoea, furry tongue, glossitis, nausea, stomatitis, vomiting, dark urine, fever, tiredness.
Category C: Either studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the foetus (teratogenic or embryocidal or other) and there are no controlled studies in women or studies in women and animals are not available. Drugs should be given only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus.
Store at room temperature & protected from light.
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