Renal & urinary tract infections, Lower respiratory tract infections, particularly pneumonia, Gonococcal infections, Skin &soft tissue, bone & joint infections, Bacterial meningitis, Serious bacterial infections e.g. septicemia, ENT infections, Infections in cancer patients, Prevention of postoperative infection, Perioperative prophylaxis of infections associated with surgery, Typhoid fever.
3rd Generation Cephalosporin; Antibacterial
Ceftriaxone is a 3rd generation broad-spectrum parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic. It has potent bactericidal activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Like other cephalosporins and penicillins, Ceftriaxone kills bacteria by interfering with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Ceftriaxone has a high degree of stability in the presence of beta lactamases. A remarkable feature of Ceftriaxone is its relatively long plasma elimination half-life of about 6 to 9 hours, which makes single or once-daily dosage of the drug appropriate for most patients. Ceftriaxone is not metabolized in the body. About 40-65% of a dose of Ceftriaxone is excreted unchanged in the urine; the remainder is excreted in the bile and ultimately found in the feces as unchanged drug and microbiologically inactive compound. The drug is highly protein bound (95%).
Adults & children (12 years & over): 1 gm once daily. In severe infections : 2-4 gm daily, normally as a single dose every 24 hours. Children (under 12 years) : 20-50 mg/kg/day. In severe infection: up to 80 mg/kg/day may be given.
No drug interactions have been reported.
Hypersensitivity to Cephalosporin antibiotics. It is contraindicated in premature infants during the first 6 weeks of life. Its safety in human pregnancy has not been established. Therefore it should not be used in pregnancy unless absolutely indicated. Mothers receiving Ceftriaxone should not breast-feed. In severe renal impairment accompanied by hepatic insufficiency, dosage reduction is required.
Ceftriaxone is generally well tolerated. A few side-Effects such as diarrhea, nausea & vomiting, stomatitis & glossitis, rash, pruritus, urticaria, edema & erythema multiforme, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, & neutropenia, elevations of SGOT or SGPT, bilirubinemia, headache, hyperactivity, nervousness, sleep disturbances, confusion, hypertonia & dizziness.
Ceftriaxone is pregnancy category B. It has not been observed to cause birth defects in animal studies, but a lack of well-controlled studies done in pregnant women exists. Ceftriaxone is acceptable to use during breastfeeding. Limited information indicates that maternal doses of ceftriaxone of 1 gram produce low levels in milk that are not expected to cause adverse effects in breastfed infants.
There is no specific antidote. Treatment of overdosage should be symptomatic.
Vial store in a cool, dry place (below 30° C), away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
.png&w=384&q=75)