Cryptosporidiosis, Protozoal infections, Susceptible infections
The mechanism of action of macrolides has been a matter of controversy for some time. Spiramycin, a 16-membered macrolide, inhibits translocation by binding to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits with an apparent 1 : 1 stoichiometry. This antibiotic is a potent inhibitor of the binding to the ribosome of both donor and acceptor substrates. The primary mechanism of action is done by stimulation of dissociation of peptidyl-tRNA from ribosomes during translocation.
Adult : PO Cryptosporidiosis; Protozoal infections; Susceptible infections; Toxoplasmosis 6-9 million u/day in 2-3 divided doses. Severe: Up to 15 million u/day in divided doses. IV Cryptosporidiosis; Protozoal infections; Susceptible infections; Toxoplasmosis 1.5 million u 8 hrly. Severe: May double dose. May be taken with or without food.
Spiramycin has been reported to inhibit the absorption of carbidopa and decrease levodopa plasma levels. When necessary, patients should be closely monitored and the levodopa dosage levels adjusted.
Hypersensitivity. Hepatic impairment; pregnancy and lactation. Monitor liver function. History of arrhythmias or predisposition to QT interval prolongation.
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea; urticaria, pruritus, macular rashes. Transient paraesthesia may occur. Potentially Fatal: Pseudomembranous colitis; anaphylaxis; neuromuscular blockade; ventricular arrhythmias, prolongation of QT interval.
Pregnancy Category C. Either studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the foetus (teratogenic or embryocidal or other) and there are no controlled studies in women or studies in women and animals are not available. Drugs should be given only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus.
No case of accidental overdosage has been reported. In oral doses over 4 gm per day, abdominal discomfort, nausea or diarrhea may occur. No specific treatment has been proposed. Management should be symptomatic.
Store in a dry place between 15ºC and 30ºC.
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