Susceptible bacterial infections including acute bacterial sinusitis (ABS), acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (ABECB), nosocomial or community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), UTIs, acute pyelonephritis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, skin and skin structure infections.
Quinolones; Antibacterial
Levofloxacin is a synthetic, broad-spectrum, third generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Chemically, Levofloxacin is a chiral fluorinated carboxyquinolone. Levofloxacin exerts antibacterial action by inhibiting bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase, the enzymes required for DNA replication, transcription repair and recombination. It has in vitro activity against a wide range of gm-ve and gm+ve microorganisms.
ORAL Acute bacterial sinusitis: Adult: 500 mg once daily for 10-14 days. Alternatively, 750 mg once daily for 5 days. Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: Adult: 500 mg once daily for 7 days. Community-acquired pneumonia: Adult: 500 mg once for 7-14 days. Alternatively, 750 mg once daily for 5 days. Nosocomial pneumonia; Complicated skin & skin structure infections: Adult: 750 mg once daily for 7-14 days. Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: Adult: 250 mg once daily for 3 days. Complicated urinary tract infections; Acute pyelonephritis: Adult: 250 mg once daily for 10 days. Uncomplicated skin & skin structure infections: Adult: 500 mg once daily for 7-10 days. Chronic bacterial prostatitis: Adult: 500 mg once daily for 28 days. Treatment & postexposure prophylaxis of inhalation anthrax: Adult: 500 mg once daily for 60 days. INTRAVENOUS Acute bacterial sinusitis: Adult: 500 mg once daily for 10-14 days. Alternatively, 750 mg once daily for 5 days. Infuse slowly over 60-90 min. Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: Adult: 500 mg once daily for 7 days. Infuse slowly over 60 min. Community-acquired pneumonia: Adult: 500 1g once for 7-14 days. Alternatively, 750 mg once daily for 5 days. Infuse slowly over 60-90 min. Nosocomial pneumonia:Complicated skin & skin structure infections: Adult: 750 mg once daily for 7-14 days. Infuse slowly over 60-90 min. Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: Adult: 250 mg once daily for 3 days. Infuse slowly over 60-90 mm. Complicated urinary tract infections; Acute pyelonephritis: Adult: 250 mg once daily for 10 days. Infuse slowly over 60-90 min. Uncomplicated skin & skin structure Infections: Adult: 500 mg once daily for 7-10 days. Infuse slowly over 60-90 mm. Chronic bacterial prostatitis: Adult: 500 mg once daily for 28 days. Infuse slowly over 60-90 min. Treatment & postexposure prophylaxis of Inhalation anthrax: Adult: 500 mg once daily for 60 days. lnfuse slowly over 60-90 min
No quinolone should be co-administered with any solution containing multivalent cations, e.g., magnesium, through the same intravenous line. Antacids, Iron and Adsorbents reduce absorption of Levofloxacin. NSAID may increase the risk of CNS stimulation. Warfarin may increase the risk of bleeding.
Hypersensitivity to levofloxacin or other quinolones. Child <18 yr. Known or suspected CNS disorders (e.g. severe cerebral arteriosclerosis, epilepsy) or other risk factors that predispose to seizures. Avoid unnecessary exposure to sunlight or artificial UV light. History of prolonged QT interval, uncorrected electrolyte disturbances. DM (carefully monitor blood glucose levels). Periodically monitor renal, hepatic & haematopoietic functions during treatment. Pregnancy & lactation. Elderly. May impair ability to drive or operate machinery.
Oral/IV: Nausea, diarrhoea, constipation, headache, insomnia, inj site reactions (IV). Ophthalmic: Transient decrease in vision, ocular burning, ocular pain or discomfort, foreign body sensation, headache, fever, pharyngitis, photophobia. Anaphylaxis.
While use during pregnancy is not recommended, risk appears to be low. The use of other medications in the class appear okay in breastfeeding; however, the safety of levofloxacin is unclear.
Levofloxacin exhibits a low potential for acute toxicity. However, in the events of an acute overdosage, the stomach should be emptied. The patients should be kept under observation and appropriate hydration should be maintained.
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
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