Primrose Oil is indicated in: Atopic dermatitis Mastalgia, cyclical Lactation Atopic dermatitis in infants Diabetic neuropathy Dry eyes associated with Sj?gren$#$#$#$s syndrome Infant formula fortification Nutritional deficiencies (EFAs) Premenstrual syndrome symptoms Raynaud$#$#$#$s disease Rheumatoid arthritis Seborrhoeic dermatitis (milk crust) Uremic skin symptoms
Improves EFA composition of plasma, erythrocytes, platelet lipids and atocopherol levels in non-diabetic persons and Type 1 diabetic patients; increase total fat and EFA contents of mother's milk; affects fatty acid composition of serum lipids and adipose tissue in men with low dihoma-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) levels; helps maintain normal cellular structures and in the precursor of DGLA, which is the parent of the 1-series prostanoids and as a precursor of arachidonic acid, the parent of the 2-series prostanoids.
Evening Primrose Oil supplies gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). The bioactivity of EPO is due primarily to its GLA contents. By supplying GLA, it bypasses the rate-limiting step in the metabolism of LA. After ingestion of EPO, GLA is rapidly absorbed and then converts directly to DGLA and other prostaglandin precurosors. It also acts on the prostanoids pathway.
Primrose oil is a long-term therapy, so immediate results should not be expected. A patient may need to use Primrose oil regularly for up to four months before a clinical response is observed. Primrose oil appears to be safe for long-term use of at least one year. Internal: A TOPIC DERMATITIS: 4-6 capsules (500 mg) twice daily (40 mg Gamma-Linolenic Acid per capsule). CYCLICAL MASTALGIA: 6 capsules (500 mg) daily (40 mg Gamma-Linolenic Acid per capsule) for 4-6 months. DIABETIC NEUROPATHY: 8-12 capsules (500 mg) daily. LACTATION AID: 4 capsules (500 mg) twice daily, morning and evening. RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: 10-20 capsules (500 mg) daily. UREMIC SKIN SYMPTOMS: 2 capsules (500 mg) twice daily (45 mg Gamma-Linolenic Acid per capsule). NOTE: Primrose oil may be swallowed directly or may be taken with milk, another liquid, or with food. Primrose oil taken with food may minimize any potential gastrointestinal side effects. Concurrent ingestion of the antioxidant vitamin E will protect essential fatty acid from free radical damage and also prevent creation of counterproductive substances. Concurrent ingestion of a daily multiple vitamin may also provide nutritional co-factors (e.g., B6 and magnesium) required for essential fatty acid metabolism. External: A TOPIC DERMATITIS: Water-in-oil emulsion containing 20% Primrose oil, twice daily, applied topically to affected area for at least four weeks.
Previously it was not recommended for patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or those already receiving epileptogenic drugs such as phenothiazines. However, a recently published analysis of clinical trials involving polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of schizophrenia did not indicate a clear therapeutic or adverse effect of evening primrose oil supplements on schizophrenic patients.
Adverse effects are rare at recommended dosages. Overdose may cause loose stool and abdominal pain.
No known restrictions. Non-teratogenic, based on animal studies. LA, GLA, and DGLA are important components of human breast milk, so it is reasonable to assume that evening primrose oil may be taken while nursing. According to World Health Organization (WHO), pregnant or lactating women should get 5% of their total daily caloric intake from EFAs.
Keep out of reach of children. Keep away from direct sunlight. Store below 25°C in a dry place.
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