For symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis and as an adjunct in organic disease states in which anxiety is manifested. Useful in the management of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as chronic urticaria and atopic and contact dermatoses, and in histamine-mediated pruritus.
Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride is an anxiolytic antihistamine of the piperazine class which is a H1 receptor antagonist. Hydroxyzine is not a cortical depressant, but its action may be due to a suppression of activity in certain key regions of the subcortical area of the central nervous system. Primary skeletal muscle relaxation has been demonstrated experimentally. Bronchodilator activity and antihistaminic and analgesic effects have been demonstrated experimentally and confirmed clinically. An antiemetic effect, both by the apomorphine test and the veriloid test, has been demonstrated. Hydroxyzine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and clinical effects are usually noted within 15 to 30 minutes after oral administration.
ORAL Pruritus in acute & chronic urticaria & dermatosis: Adult: Initially, 25 mg at night increased if required up to 25 mg 3-4 times daily. Child: 6 mth-6 yr: 5-15 mg daily, increased to 50 mg/day in divided doses; >6 yr: Initially, 15-25 mg/day, increased up to 50.100 mg/day.
Hydroxyzine may potentiate Meperidine and barbiturates, so their use in pre-anesthetic adjunctive therapy should be modified on an individual basis. Atropine and other belladonna alkaloids are not affected by the drug. Hydroxyzine is not known to interfere with the action of digitalis in any way and it may be used concurrently with this agent. Simultaneous administration of Hydroxyzine with monoamine oxidase inhibitors should be avoided.
Porphyria, neonates, pregnancy, lactation. Renal & hepatic impairment; narrowangle glaucoma; epilepsy; prostatic hypertrophy; bladder neck obstruction; asthma; COPD, May impair ability to drive or operate machinery.
CNS depression, paradoxical CNS stimulation, dry mouth, thickened resp secretions, constipation, blurring of vision, tachycardia, GI disturbances, headache, hypotension, tinnitus.
A limited number of studies of hydroxyzine in pregnant women suggests that there may be a relationship between its use in the first trimester of pregnancy and congenital abnormalities in the fetus. Therefore, hydroxyzine should be avoided during the first trimester of pregnancy. It is not known if hydroxyzine is excreted into breast milk. In general, antihistamines are not recommended for use during breastfeeding because they can cause stimulation or seizures in newborns.
The most common manifestation of Hydroxyzine overdosage is hypersedation. As in the management of overdosage with any drug, it should be borne in mind that multiple agents may have been taken. If vomiting has not occurred spontaneously, it should be induced. Immediate gastric lavage is also recommended. General supportive care, including frequent monitoring of the vital signs and close observation of the patient, is indicated. Hypotension, though unlikely, may be controlled with intravenous fluids and Levarterenol or Metaraminol. Epinephrine should not be used as Hydroxyzine counteracts its pressor action. There is no specific antidote. It is doubtful that hemodialysis would be of any value in the treatment of overdosage with Hydroxyzine. However, if other agents such as barbiturates have been ingested concomitantly, hemodialysis may be indicated. There is no practical method to quantitate Hydroxyzine in body fluids or tissue after its ingestion or administration.
Store in a cool & dry place. Protect from light. Keep out of the reach of children.
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