Indicated for the treatment of the following infections: Strongyloidiasis of the intestinal tract. Ivermectin is also indicated for the treatment of intestinal (i.e., nondisseminated) strongyloidiasis due to the nematode parasite Strongyloides stercoralis.
Ivermectin selectively binds and with high affinity to glutamate-gated chloride ion channels, which occur in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells leading to an increase in the permeability of cell membranes to chloride ions with hyperpolarization of the nerve or muscle cell and, ultimately, death of the parasite.
Adult : PO Onchocerciasis 150 mcg/kg as single dose; repeat treatment every 3-12 mth until symptoms resolved. Strongyloidiasis 200 mcg/kg for 1-2 days. Topical Rosacea As 1% cream: Apply onto affected area(s) once daily for up to 4 mth, repeat treatment course if needed. Head pediculosis As 0.5% lotion: Apply sufficient amount into dry hair and scalp as single dose, then leave on for 10 min before rinsing. Should be taken on an empty stomach.
Post-marketing reports of increased INR (International Normalized Ratio) have been rarely reported when ivermectin was co-administered with warfarin.
Patient w/ onchocerciasis and loiasis. Immunocompromised patients. Childn. Pregnancy and lactation.
Significant: Mazzotti reaction (e.g. oedema, pruritus, urticaria rash, lymphadenitis, arthralgia, synovitis, fever, sore throat, cough, headache, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, oedema). Nervous: Dizziness, asthenia, fatigue, somnolence, vertigo, tremor. GI: Diarrhoea, abdominal pain, nausea, anorexia, constipation, vomiting. Hepatic: Increased serum ALT, AST. Haematologic: Eosinophilia, decreased WBC, increased Hb. Ophthalmologic: Conjunctivitis, ocular hyperemia, irritation (topical); limbitis, punctate opacity, abnormal sensation, eyelid oedema, anterior uveitis, conjunctival haemorrhage (oral). Dermatologic: Burning sensation, irritation, itch, dry skin, contact dermatitis, erythema (topical). Potentially Fatal: Rarely, encephalopathy.
Category C: Either studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the foetus (teratogenic or embryocidal or other) and there are no controlled studies in women or studies in women and animals are not available. Drugs should be given only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus.
Keep in a dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light. Keep out of the reach of children.
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